Dihydrogen monoxide (DHMO) is a chemical composed of hydrogen (an explosive gas) and oxygen (which is present in battery acid). DHMO is used as an industrial solvent because of its ability to dissolve a wide variety of substances. It is odorless and tasteless. Exposure of the skin to DHMO causes wrinkling and softening. Ingestion of too much DHMO leads first to gastrointestinal discomfor and then to excessive urination. In its solid form, prolonged exposure to DHMO causes irreversible tissue damage. Inhalation of DHMO causes coughing and can lead to death. In fact, more than 5000 people per year die in the US alone from inhalation of DHMO.
In case you haven't fgured it out yet, DHMO is just another name for water. Not every chemical with a long name is dangerous. And many dangerous chemicals are also very useful. Wisdom comes from knowing the conditions under which a chemical is dangerous and the good and proper uses to which it can be put.
This list of chemicals excludes fuels and metals. Chemicals are listed in decreasing order of production.
Name | Formula | Source | Uses |
---|---|---|---|
sulfuric acid | H2SO4 | sulfur, air, water | fertilizers, detergents, explosives, plastics, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, dyes, storage batteries, and metals |
nitrogen | N2 | air | ammonia, nitric acid, and nitrates |
oxygen | O2 | air | steel, rocket fuel, medical respiration |
ethylene | C2H4 | petroleum | ethylene glycol, ethanol, vinyl chloride, ethylene oxide, polyethylene |
lime | CaO | limestone | glass, cement, insecticides |
ammonia | NH3 | air, water, natural gas | fertilizer, nitric acid, explosives |
lye | NaOH | salt, water | rayon, cellophane, paper, detergents, aluminum |
chlorine | Cl2 | salt, water | pesticides, bleach, water sanitation |
phosphoric acid | H3PO4 | phosphate rock, sulfuric acid | fertilizers, detergents, pharmaceuticals, beverages |
propylene | C3H6 | petroleum | polypropylene, isopropyl alcohol, acetone |
soda ash | Na2CO3 | trona ore or salt and lime | glass paper, soap, detergents, aluminum |
ethylene dichloride | C2H4Cl2 | ethylene and chlorine | vinyl chloride, paint removers, solvents, rubber |
nitric acid | HNO3 | ammonia and oxygen | explosives, fertilizers, dyes, pharmaceuticals |
urea | (NH2)2CO | ammonia and carbon dioxide | fertilizers, plastics |
ammonium nitrate | NH4NO3 | ammonia and nitric acid | fertilizers, explosives |
benzene | C6H6 | petroleum | ethylbenzene, dyes, solvents |
ethylbenzene | C2H5C6H5 | benzene and ethylene | styrene, solvents |
carbon dioxide | CO2 | burning carbon fuels | chemical manufacture, beverages, fire extinguishers |
vinyl chloride | C2H3Cl | ethylene dichloride | PVC platic |
styrene | C2H3C6H5 | ethylbenzene | polystyrene plastic |
terephthalic acid | C6H4(COOH)2 | benzene | PET plastic and Dacron polyester |
methanol | CH3OH | hydrogen and carbon monoxide | acetic acid, formaldehyde, fuel antifreeze, solvents |
hydrochloric acid | HCl | salt and sulfuric acid | pharmaceuticals, PVC, rubber |
ethylene oxide | C2H4O | ethylene | ethylene glycol |
formaldehyde | H2CO | methanol | polymers, plastics |